Understanding CNC terminology is crucial for anyone working with or learning about CNC machining. This section covers essential terms and concepts, from basic components to advanced operations, making navigating the technical language of CNC technology easier. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced machinist, this guide will help clarify key terms, enhancing your knowledge and proficiency in CNC machining processes. Dive in to better understand the language that drives precision engineering and manufacturing.
Machine Shop ⚙️
A machine shop is a facility equipped with tools like mills, lathes, and CNC machines to perform precision machining operations such as cutting, shaping, and finishing.
NEMA Enclosure ⚙️
A NEMA enclosure is a protective housing designed to shield electrical components from environmental hazards like dust, water, and physical impact, with specific ratings for various applications and conditions.
Offset ⚙️
In CNC machining, an offset adjusts the machine’s coordinates to fine-tune the tool position relative to the workpiece, ensuring precision and accounting for tool wear, size, and setup variations.
Plasma Cutter ⚙️
A plasma cutter is a cutting tool that uses an electric arc and ionized gas to cut through conductive materials, such as metals, including steel, aluminium, brass, and copper.
Pallet Changer ⚙️
A pallet changer in CNC machining automates the switching of pallets holding workpieces, minimizing downtime and boosting productivity by enabling continuous operation.
Quill ⚙️
A quill is a key part of a machine's spindle assembly, enabling precise vertical movement of the cutting tool for operations like drilling, boring, and milling.
Repeatability ⚙️
Repeatability in machining refers to a system's ability to consistently reproduce the same movement or outcome under identical conditions, ensuring precision and reliability in manufacturing processes.
Recutting ⚙️
Recutting occurs when previously cut chips or debris are cut again, leading to poor surface finish, increased tool wear, and reduced machining efficiency. Effective chip management helps prevent this issue.
Resolution ⚙️
Resolution in CNC machining defines the smallest movement a machine can achieve, crucial for precision and detail in high-accuracy applications like aerospace and medical industries.
Spray Mist Coolant System ⚙️
A spray mist coolant system delivers a fine mist of coolant during machining to cool and lubricate the cutting tool and workpiece, extending tool life and improving surface finish.
Small Hole EDM ⚙️
Small Hole EDM, or EDM drilling, is a precision process used to create tiny, deep holes in hard, conductive materials, ideal for industries like aerospace and energy.
Sinker EDM ⚙️
Sinker EDM, also known as die-sinking EDM, uses a shaped electrode to create precise cavities and complex geometries in conductive materials, ideal for intricate molds and dies.
Swiss Lathe ⚙️
A Swiss lathe, or Swiss-type lathe, is designed for high-precision machining of small, complex parts, featuring a sliding headstock and guide bushing for stability and accuracy.
Spark Erosion ⚙️
Spark erosion, or Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM), is a non-contact process that uses controlled electrical discharges to remove material from conductive workpieces, ideal for complex shapes and hard-to-machine materials.
Screw Machine ⚙️
A screw machine is an automated lathe designed for high-speed production of small, precise cylindrical components, offering efficiency and accuracy for large-scale manufacturing.
Setup ⚙️
In CNC machining, a setup involves preparing the machine and workpiece, configuring tools, work-holding devices, and reference points to ensure precise and efficient operations.
Tabletop CNC Milling Machine ⚙️
A tabletop CNC milling machine is a compact, versatile tool designed for precision milling tasks in small workspaces, ideal for prototyping, custom parts, and educational applications.
Tabletop CNC Router ⚙️
A tabletop CNC router is a compact and portable CNC machine designed for smaller workspaces, offering precision cutting, carving, and engraving on materials like wood, plastic, and soft metals. Ideal for hobbyists, small businesses, and educational use, it provides an affordable entry into CNC technology while maintaining compatibility with standard CAD/CAM software.
CNC Turning ⚙️
CNC turning is a precise machining process where a rotating workpiece is shaped using a stationary cutting tool, ideal for creating cylindrical components with high accuracy and efficiency.
Thread Mill ⚙️
Thread milling is a precise machining process that creates internal or external threads using a helical cutting motion, offering versatility, reduced tool pressure, and high accuracy for various thread sizes and pitches.